Functions

Biotin is a partner with acetyl CoA in the synthesis of fatty acids and prostaglandins. It is also involved inthe synthesis and breakdown of amino acids. Closely related metabolically to folic acid and pantothenic acid, it is also essential for cell growth and replication through its role in the production of RNA and DNA.

Uses

Seizures; SIDS; diabetes; dermatitis; seborrheic derm in infants; muscle pains; uremic px on dialysis. Healthy hair and nails require biotin.

Deficiency

Deficiency: dermatitis (often starts near the eyes) with scaling or hardening; glossitis; anorexia; lassitude; nausea; hair loss; muscle atrophy; inc glucose; inc cholesterol; anxiety; hallucinations; fungal infections in bowel; slight anemia; sleepiness and lassitude. Deficiency is thought to be rare, but can occur in babies fed biotin deficient diets and in those persons who eat a lot of raw egg whites, which inactivate biotin.

Antagonists

Contraindicated during dialysis - can lead to neurological sx. Food processing techniques can destroy biotin. Raw egg white contains a protein called avidin that prevents biotin absorption.

Co-factors

Absorbed in the small intestine and large quantities made by gut bacteria. Works closely with folic acid, pantothenic acid and vitamin B12.

Drug Interactions

None known.

Dose

RDA:30mcg adults;35 mcg breastfeeding.

Therapetic: 300 mcg-3 mg

Toxicity

None known.

Sources

Biotin is found in:

• Liver
• Chocolate
• Eggs
• Mushrooms
• Peanuts
• Yeast
• Most vegetables
• Banana
• Grapefruit
• Tomato
• Watermelon
• Strawberries